Ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kukhona umgogodla wamanethiwekhi wezokuxhumana wanamuhla, uqinisekise ukuhamba kwedatha engenamthungo phakathi kwamadivayisi kwezebhizinisi nasezindaweni zezimboni. Ukukhiqizwa kwalezi zinto ezibalulekile kubandakanya inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi enolwazi ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obunqenqemeni, ubunjiniyela bokuqonda kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile ukuletha imishini ethembekile, yokusebenza ephezulu. Nasi izigcawu ezingemuva nje zibheka inqubo yokukhiqiza yokushintsha kwenethiwekhi.
1. Design and Development
Uhambo lokukhiqiza lwe-Network Shintle luqala ngesigaba sokuklama nentuthuko. Onjiniyela kanye nabaqambi basebenza ndawonye ukudala imininingwane enemininingwane kanye nemibhalo enemibala esekelwe ezidingweni zemakethe, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo zamakhasimende. Lesi sigaba sifaka:
I-Circuit Design: Imibuthano yonjiniyela yonjiniyela, kufaka phakathi ibhodi yokujikeleza ephrintiwe (PCB) esebenza njenge-backmbone yokushintsha.
Ukukhetha Kwengxenye: Khetha izingxenye ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ezinjenge-processors, ama-memory chips, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, okuhlangabezana namazinga okusebenza nokuqina okudingekayo ekushintsheni kwenethiwekhi.
I-prototyping: ama-prototypes athuthukiswa ukuvivinya ukusebenza, ukusebenza, kanye nokwethenjwa komklamo. Ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwe-prototype kubhebhethekisa noma yimaphi amaphutha wokuklama noma izindawo zokwenza ngcono.
2 ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB
Lapho ukwakhiwa sekuqediwe, inqubo yokukhiqiza ingena esigabeni sokufakelwa kwe-PCB. Ama-PCB ayizinto ezisemqoka ezihamba amasekethe we-elektroniki futhi zinikeze ukwakheka ngokomzimba kokushintshwa kwenethiwekhi. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ifaka:
I-Labering: Ukusebenzisa izingqimba eziningi ze-Prepper Competive kwi-substrate engeyona eyenziwa kudala izindlela zikagesi ezixhuma izingxenye ezahlukahlukene.
Etching: Ukususa ithusi elingenasidingo kusuka ebhodini, kushiye iphethini yesekethe eqondile edingekayo ukuze ushintshe.
Ukushayela ne-Plating: Drill izimbobo kwi-PCB ukwenza lula ukubekwa kwezakhi. Lezi zimbobo zibe sezifakwa ngezinto ezisebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okufanele kukagesi.
Isicelo seMask Mask: faka imaski yokuzivikela kwi-PCB ukuvikela amasekethe amafushane futhi uvikele ukujikeleza kusuka ekulimaleni kwemvelo.
Ukuphrinta kwesikrini kasilika: Amalebula nezikhombi ziphrintiwe ku-PCB ukuqondisa umhlangano nokuxazulula inkinga.
3. Izingxenye zomhlangano
Lapho i-PCB isilungile, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlanganisa izakhi ebhodini. Lesi sigaba sibandakanya:
Ubuchwepheshe beNtaba Engaphezulu (i-SMT): Sebenzisa imishini ezenzakalelayo yokubeka izingxenye kwi-PCB ebusweni ngokunemba okwedlulele. I-SMT yindlela ekhethwayo yokuxhuma izakhi ezincane, eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nokumelana, ama-capacitors kanye nemibuthano ehlanganisiwe.
Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Shole (THT): Izingxenye ezikhudlwana ezidinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kwemishini, izingxenye ze-Shole zifakwa kwizimbobo ezihlaselwe ngaphambili futhi zithengiswe kwi-PCB.
Khombisa ukuthengisa: I-PCB eqoqiwe idlula kuhhavini okhanyayo lapho unamathisela lo mthengisi uncibilika futhi uqinisa ukuxhumeka kukagesi okuphephile phakathi kwezakhi nange-PCB.
4. Uhlelo lwe-firmware
Lapho umhlangano womzimba usuqedile, i-firmware yokushintshwa kwenethiwekhi yahlelwa. I-firmware yisoftware elawula ukusebenza nokusebenza kwehadiwe. Lesi sinyathelo sifaka:
Ukufakwa kwe-firmware: Kufakwe i-firmware kwimemori ye-switch, ukuvumela ukwenza imisebenzi eyisisekelo efana nokushintsha kwepakethe, umzila, kanye nokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi.
Ukuhlola nokulinganisa: Ukushintshwa kuhlolwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-firmware ifakwe kahle futhi yonke imisebenzi iyasebenza njengoba bekulindelekile. Lesi sinyathelo singafaka ukuhlolwa kwengcindezelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kweshintsha ngaphansi kwemithwalo yenethiwekhi ehlukahlukene.
5. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuhlola
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kuyingxenye ebucayi yenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuqinisekisa ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi ngayinye kuhlangana namazinga aphezulu kakhulu okusebenza, ukuthembeka nokuphepha. Lesi sigaba sibandakanya:
Ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo: Ukushintshwa ngakunye kuhlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kusebenza kahle nokuthi wonke amachweba nezici ziyasebenza njengoba bekulindelekile.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezemvelo: Ukushintshwa kuhlolwe izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokudlidliza ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi bangamelana nezindawo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-EMI / EMC: Ukuphazanyiswa Kwe-Electromagnetic (EMI) kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-electromagnetic ukuhambisana
Ukuhlolwa kokushiswa: Ukushintshwa kunikwa amandla futhi kuqhutshelwa isikhathi eside ukukhomba noma yiziphi izici noma ukwehluleka okungenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
6. Umhlangano wokugcina kanye nokupakishwa
Ngemuva kokudlula konke ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kungena emhlanganweni wokugcina kanye nesigaba sokupakisha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
Umhlangano obiyele: I-PCB nezakhi zifakwe ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe isikhathi eside eklanyelwe ukuvikela ukushintshwa komonakalo kanye nezici zezemvelo.
Ukulebula: Ukushintshwa ngakunye kubhaliwe ngolwazi lomkhiqizo, inombolo ye-serial, kanye nokumaka kokuhambisana nokulawula.
Ukupakisha: Ukushintshwa kuhlanganiswa ngokucophelela ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikela ngesikhathi sokuthumela nokugcina. Iphakethe lingafaka futhi ibhukwana lomsebenzisi, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, nezinye izesekeli.
7. Ukuhambisa nokusatshalaliswa
Uma upakishwe, ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi sekumi ngomumo ngokuthumela nokusabalalisa. Zithunyelwa ezindlini zokugcina izimpahla, abasabalalisi noma ngqo kumakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele. Iqembu le-Logistics liqinisekisa ukuthi ukushintshwa kuhanjiswa ngokuphephile, ngesikhathi, futhi kulungele ukuthunyelwa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zenethiwekhi.
Ekuphetheni
Ukukhiqizwa kokushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile, ubuciko obunamakhono nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi okuqinile. Zonke izinyathelo ezivela ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizeni kwe-PCB kuya emhlanganweni, ukuhlolwa kanye nokupakisha kubalulekile ukuletha imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo eziphakeme zengqalasizinda yanamuhla yenethiwekhi. Njengomgogodla wamanethiwekhi wezokuxhumana wanamuhla, lokhu kushintshana kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukugeleza kwedatha okuthembekile nokusebenza kahle kuyo yonke imboni kanye nezicelo.
Isikhathi Sokuthumela: Aug-23-2024
