Njengoba izimboni emhlabeni wonke zamukela i-automation kanye ne-digitization, isidingo sezisombululo zenethiwekhi eziqinile, ezinokwethenjelwa nezisebenzayo sikhule kakhulu. Ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi yezimboni sekuphenduke izingxenye ezibalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, okusiza ukuxhumana okungenamthungo kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba iklanyelwe ukumelana nezindawo ezinokhahlo, lezi zinguquko zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zezimboni. Lapha, sihlola ezinye zezimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezibalulekile lapho ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi yezimboni kwenza umthelela omkhulu.
1. Ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kanye ne-automation yezimboni
Esikhathini se-Industry 4.0, ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kuncike kakhulu ekushintshaneni kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwemishini, izinzwa nezinhlelo zokulawula. Amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni anika amandla lokhu kuxhumana ngokuhlinzeka ngoxhumo olunesivinini esikhulu, olubambezeleke kancane kuyo yonke indawo yokukhiqiza. Lezi zinguquko ziqinisekisa ukuhamba okungaphazamiseki kwedatha ebalulekile, okuvumela ukulawula okunembayo nokuqapha izinqubo ezizenzakalelayo. Ukwengeza, basekela izici ezithuthukile njengama-VLAN kanye ne-QoS (Ikhwalithi Yesevisi), ezibalulekile ekubekeni phambili idatha ebucayi ngesikhathi ezindaweni zezimboni.
Isibonelo: Ekwenziweni kwezimoto, amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni axhuma izingalo zerobhothi, imigqa yokuhlanganisa, namasistimu okulawula ikhwalithi ukuze anike amandla ukuxhumana okungenazihibe kanye nokulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela kuzinqubo zokukhiqiza.
2. Umkhakha Wamandla Nezinsiza
Umkhakha wamandla kanye nezinsiza udinga amanethiwekhi okuxhumana athembeke kakhulu futhi avikelekile ukuze alawule amagridi kagesi, iziteshi ezincane kanye nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni athobela amazinga afana ne-IEC 61850 adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza nokusebenza kahle kwalawa manethiwekhi. Ahlinzeka ngoxhumano olunamandla eziteshini ezincane, okuvumela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela nokulawula amasistimu kagesi, okusiza ukuvimbela ukucisha nokuqinisekisa ukulethwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla.
Isibonelo: Kuzinhlelo zegridi ehlakaniphile, amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni axhuma izinzwa eziningi ezihlukahlukene kanye namadivayisi okulawula ukuze kube lula ukusatshalaliswa kahle kwamandla kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
3. Ezokuthutha nezitimela
Emkhakheni wezokuthutha, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zikaloliwe, ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi yezimboni kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuxhumana okuthembekile phakathi kwezinhlelo ezingaphansi ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokusayina, izinhlelo zolwazi lwabagibeli kanye nokuqapha. Lawa maswishi aklanyelwe ukumelana nokudlidliza, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe kagesi okuvame ukutholakala ezindaweni zokuhamba. Ukuthobelana namazinga afana ne-EN 50155 kuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zinguquko zingasebenza ngokwethembeka ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinselele ezinjalo.
Isibonelo: Ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi yezimboni ezitimeleni kuxhuma amasistimu angaphakathi njengamakhamera e-CCTV, i-Wi-Fi yabagibeli kanye namasistimu okulawula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle.
4. Imboni Kawoyela Negesi
Imboni kawoyela negesi isebenza kwezinye zezindawo eziyinselelo enkulu, okuhlanganisa amapulatifomu angasogwini kanye nezindawo zokumba ezikude. Amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni asetshenziswa kulo mkhakha kumele akwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elidlulele, umswakama kanye nezimo ezigqwalile kuyilapho ehlinzeka ngezixhumanisi zokuxhumana ezinokwethenjelwa. Lezi zinguquko zibalulekile ekuqapheni nasekulawuleni imisebenzi yokumba, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nokwenza kahle izinqubo zokukhiqiza.
Isibonelo: Esiteji sokumba uwoyela ngasogwini lolwandle, amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni axhuma izinzwa ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ukuze kuqashwe ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kokusebenza kokumba kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwenqubo yezimayini.
5. Ukwakha ezishintshayo nokuvikeleka
Izakhiwo zesimanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezohwebo noma zokuhlala, ziya ngokuya zihlonyiswa ngezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ezilawula ukukhanya, i-HVAC, ukuphepha nokulawula ukufinyelela. Ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi yezimboni kusetshenziselwa ukudala umgogodla walezi zinhlelo zokuzenzakalela zokwakha, ukuhlinzeka ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokuvikelekile phakathi kwamadivayisi nezinhlelo ezahlukene. Baphinde babambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni ezididiyelwe zokuphepha, ukuxhuma amakhamera okuqapha, ama-alamu kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ukungena.
Isibonelo: Emabhilidini amahhovisi ahlakaniphile, amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni axhuma amasistimu e-HVAC, izilawuli zokukhanyisa, namakhamera okuvikela endaweni yokuphatha emaphakathi, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe.
6. Ukuhlanza amanzi kanye namanzi angcolile
Izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile zidinga amanethiwekhi aqinile futhi athembekile ukuze aqaphe futhi alawule izinqubo ezisukela ekuhlungeni kuya ekudongeni kwamakhemikhali. Amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni ahlinzeka ngoxhumano oludingekayo kule misebenzi, okuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesikhathi sangempela kwedatha kusuka kuzinzwa kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula zokulawulwa kwenqubo okuphumelelayo.
Isibonelo: Ezindaweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni axhuma izinzwa nezilawuli ezihlukahlukene ezinhlelweni zokuqapha ezimaphakathi, ukuqinisekisa izinqubo zokwelashwa ezisebenza kahle kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yemvelo.
7. Izimayini nezimboni ezinzima
Imboni yezimayini isebenza ezindaweni ezinokhahlo nezikude, futhi amanethiwekhi okuxhumana athembekile abalulekile ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni kahle. Ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi yezimboni kusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imishini, izinzwa nezinhlelo zokuqapha, ukuhlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezimayini okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Lawa maswishi kufanele abe mahlengezela ngokwanele ukuze amelane nezimo ezinzima ezivamile zendawo yezimayini.
Isibonelo: Emisebenzini yezimayini, amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni axhuma imishini yezimayini, izinhlelo zokuqapha kanye nokulawula ukuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwezisebenzi.
Ekuphetheni
Amaswishi enethiwekhi yezimboni amaqhawe angaqanjwanga ezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni zesimanje, ahlinzeka ngomgogodla wamanethiwekhi okuxhumana athembekile, avikelekile futhi aphumelelayo kuyo yonke imikhakha. Kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuye kumandla, ezokuthutha ukuya ezimayini, lawa madivaysi anamandla aqinisekisa ukuhamba okungaphazamiseki kwedatha ebalulekile, okuvumela amasistimu ayinkimbinkimbi ukuthi asebenze ngaphandle komthungo. Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokwamukela i-automation kanye nokwenza idijithali, indima yokushintsha kwenethiwekhi yezimboni izokhula kuphela, okubenza babe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphishekela ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, ukuphepha, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2024
