Ukuvikela ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvikela yonke ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi. Njengephoyinti elimaphakathi lokudluliswa kwedatha, ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kungaba okuqondiwe kokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi uma kukhona ubungozi. Ngokulandela izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuphepha, ungakwazi ukuvikela imininingwane ebalulekile yenkampani yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe nasemisebenzini enonya.
1. Shintsha imininingwane ezenzakalelayo
Amaswishi amaningi eza namagama abasebenzisi azenzakalelayo namagama-mfihlo angaxhashazwa kalula ngabahlaseli. Ukushintsha lezi zimpawu zibe kweziqinile nezihlukile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela iswishi yakho. Sebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile ukuze uthole amandla engeziwe.
2. Khubaza izimbobo ezingasetshenzisiwe
Izimbobo ezingasetshenzisiwe ekushintsheni kwakho zingaba izindawo zokungena zamadivayisi angagunyaziwe. Ukukhubaza lezi zimbobo kuvimbela noma ubani ukuthi axhume futhi afinyelele inethiwekhi yakho ngaphandle kwemvume.
3. Sebenzisa i-VLAN ukuze uhlukanise inethiwekhi
I-Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise inethiwekhi yakho ngezigaba ezahlukene. Ngokuhlukanisa amasistimu azwelayo noma amadivayisi, ungakhawulela ukusabalala kokuphulwa okungenzeka futhi wenze kube nzima kubahlaseli ukufinyelela izinsiza ezibalulekile.
4. Nika amandla ukuphepha kwembobo
Isici sokuphepha sembobo singakhawulela ukuthi imaphi amadivayisi angaxhumeka kumbobo ngayinye ekushintsheni. Isibonelo, ungamisa imbobo ukuthi ivumele amakheli athile we-MAC kuphela ukuvimbela amadivayisi angagunyaziwe ukuthi afinyelele.
5. Gcina i-firmware ibuyekeziwe
Shintsha abakhiqizi ngezikhathi ezithile bakhulula izibuyekezo ze-firmware ukuze bavale ubungozi bokuphepha. Qiniseka ukuthi iswishi yakho isebenzisa i-firmware yakamuva ukuze uvikele ezingozini ezaziwayo.
6. Sebenzisa izivumelwano zokuphatha ukuphepha
Gwema ukusebenzisa izivumelwano zokuphatha ezingabhaliwe njenge-Telnet. Kunalokho, sebenzisa amaphrothokholi avikelekile njenge-SSH (Secure Shell) noma i-HTTPS ukuze ulawule iswishi ukuze uvimbele idatha ebucayi ukuthi ingavinjwa.
7. Sebenzisa Uhlu Lokulawula Ukufinyelela (ACLs)
Uhlu lokulawula ukufinyelela lungakhawulela ithrafikhi yokungena nokuphuma kuswishi ngokusekelwe kumibandela ethile, njengekheli le-IP noma iphrothokholi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi abagunyaziwe kuphela namadivayisi angaxhumana nenethiwekhi yakho.
8. Gada ithrafikhi nezingodo
Gada ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi futhi ushintshe amalogi njalo ukuze uthole umsebenzi ongajwayelekile. Amaphethini asolisayo njengokungena ngemvume okuphindaphindiwe okuhlulekile angase abonise ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha okungaba khona.
9. Qinisekisa ukuphepha ngokomzimba kweswishi
Izisebenzi ezigunyaziwe kuphela okufanele zibe nokufinyelela ngokomzimba ekushintsheni. Faka iswishi ekamelweni leseva elikhiyiwe noma iKhabhinethi ukuze uvimbele ukuphazamisa.
10. Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwe-802.1X
I-802.1X iyiphrothokholi yokulawula ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi edinga amadivayisi ukuthi aziqinisekise wona ngaphambi kokufinyelela kunethiwekhi. Lokhu kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela kumadivayisi angagunyaziwe.
Imicabango yokugcina
Ukuvikela ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi kuyinqubo eqhubekayo edinga ukuqapha kanye nezibuyekezo ezivamile. Ngokuhlanganisa ukucushwa kobuchwepheshe nezinqubo ezihamba phambili, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuphulwa kwezokuphepha. Khumbula, inethiwekhi evikelekile iqala ngeswishi evikelekile.
Uma ufuna isixazululo senethiwekhi esivikelekile nesithembekile, amaswishi ethu ahlonyiswe ngezici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kugcinwe inethiwekhi yakho iphephile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-28-2024
