Ukuvuselela ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuvikeleni yonke ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi. Njengephuzu eliphakathi lokuhanjiswa kwedatha, ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kungaba yizisulu zokuhlaselwa nge-cyber uma kukhona ubungozi. Ngokulandela izinguquko ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha, ungavikela imininingwane ebalulekile yenkampani yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe kanye nemisebenzi enonya.
1. Shintsha ubuqiniso bokuzenzakalelayo
Ukushintshwa okuningi kuza namagama abasebenzisi azenzakalelayo namaphasiwedi angaxhashazwa kalula ngabahlaseli. Ukushintsha lezi ziqinisekiso ku-Strong and Okuhlukile yisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela ukushintsha kwakho. Sebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu, izinombolo, kanye nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile zamandla angeziwe.
2. Khubaza amachweba angasetshenziswanga
Amachweba angasetshenziswanga ekushintsheni kwakho angaba ngamaphoyinti wokungena kumadivayisi angagunyaziwe. Ukukhubaza la machweba kuvimbela noma ngubani ekuxhumaneni nasekutholeni inethiwekhi yakho ngaphandle kwemvume.
3. Sebenzisa i-VLAN nge-Network Segmentation
Amanethiwekhi wendawo yendawo (ama-Vlans) akuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise inethiwekhi yakho ezingxenyeni ezihlukile. Ngokuhlukanisa amasistimu abucayi noma amadivaysi, ungakhawulela ukusakazeka kokuphulwa okungenzeka futhi ukwenze kube nzima ngokwengeziwe kubahlaseli ukufinyelela izinsiza ezibucayi.
4. Nika amandla ukuphepha echwebeni
Isici sokuphepha ethekwini singakhawulela ukuthi yimaphi amadivaysi angaxhuma ethekwini ngalinye ekushintsheni. Isibonelo, ungahlela imbobo yokuvumela amakheli athile we-Mac ukuvikela amadivaysi angagunyaziwe ekutholeni ukufinyelela.
5. Gcina i-firmware ivuselelwe kabusha
Shintsha abakhiqizi ngezikhathi ezithile bakhipha izibuyekezo ze-firmware zokubeka ubungozi bokuphepha. Qiniseka ukuthi i-switch yakho isebenza i-firmware yakamuva ukuvikela ubungozi obulawa.
6. Sebenzisa izimiso zokulawulwa kokuphepha
Gwema ukusebenzisa amaphrothokholi wokuphatha angenakuqhathaniswa anjengeTelnet. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa amaphrothokholi aphephile anjenge-SSH (Shell ephephile) noma i-HTTPS ukuphatha ukushintshwa ukuvikela idatha ebucayi kusuka ekuthambekele.
7. Sebenzisa uhlu lokulawula ukufinyelela (ACLS)
Uhlu Lokulawula Ukufinyelela lungavimbela ithrafikhi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokushintshwa ngokususelwa kwinqubo ethile, njengekheli le-IP noma iphrothokholi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kuphela abasebenzisi abagunyaziwe namadivayisi akwazi ukuxhumana nenethiwekhi yakho.
8. Gada traffic kanye izingodo
Gada ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi futhi ushintshe izingodo njalo ngomsebenzi ongajwayelekile. Amaphethini asolisayo afana nama-logins aphindaphindwayo angakhombisa ukwephulwa kokuphepha okungaba khona.
9. Qinisekisa ukuphepha ngokomzimba kwe-switch
Abasebenzi abagunyaziwe kuphela okufanele babe nokufinyelela ngokomzimba ekushintsheni. Faka inkinobho egumbini leseva elikhiyiwe noma iKhabhinethi ukuvikela ukuphazamisa.
10. Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwe-802.1x
I-802.1x uhlelo lokulawula ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi oludinga amadivaysi ukuba aqinisekise ngaphambi kokuthola inethiwekhi. Lokhu kwengeza ungqimba olungeziwe lokuvikelwa kumadivayisi angagunyaziwe.
Imicabango yokugcina
Ukuvuselela ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kuyinqubo eqhubekayo edinga ukuphaphama nezibuyekezo ezijwayelekile. Ngokuhlanganisa ukucushwa kobuchwepheshe ngezindlela ezinhle kakhulu, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphulwa kwezokuphepha. Khumbula, inethiwekhi ephephile iqala ngokushintsha okuphephile.
Uma ufuna ikhambi lenethiwekhi eliphephile nelithembekile, ukushintshwa kwethu kufakwe izici zokuphepha ezithuthukile ukugcina inethiwekhi yakho iphephile.
Isikhathi sePosi: Dece-28-2024
