Eminyakeni yedijithali, ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi idlala indima ebalulekile njengamabhizinisi namakhaya ancike kumadivayisi amaningi axhunyiwe kwi-Intanethi. Enye yezinto ezibalulekile zale ngqalasizinda i-Shintsha inethiwekhi, idivaysi eqinisekisa ukugeleza okubushelelezi kwemininingwane phakathi kwamadivayisi kunethiwekhi yendawo. Kepha yini ngempela i-inkinobho yenethiwekhi? Isebenza kanjani?
Yini switch yenethiwekhi?
I-Network Shintshela iyithuluzi le-Hardware elixhumanisa amadivayisi amaningi ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo (LAN). Lawa madivayisi angafaka amakhompyutha, amaphrinta, amaseva, amafoni e-IP, namakhamera okuphepha. Ngokungafani ne-happ elula yenethiwekhi esakaza idatha kuyo yonke insiza exhunyiwe, i-switch ihlakaniphile: Iqondisa idatha kumadivayisi athile awudingayo, ukwenza kahle ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi kanye nokunciphisa ithrafikhi engenasidingo.
Kumanethiwekhi webhizinisi nasekhaya, ukushintshwa kusebenza njengamaphuzu aphakathi okuxhumana, okuvumela amadivayisi ukuxhumana komunye nomunye. Lokhu kubalulekile ezindaweni ezinezidingo zedatha ephezulu, njengoba ukushintshwa kungaphatha amavolumu amakhulu wethrafikhi ngaphandle kokucindezela inethiwekhi.
Inethiwekhi ishintsha kanjani isebenza?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Network Shintshela ukuthola, inqubo, kanye nedatha edluliselwe kudivayisi efanele. Nansi incazelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuthi ukushintshwa kulawula le nqubo:
Ukuthola amaphakethe: Lapho idivaysi kunethiwekhi, njengekhompyutha, ithumela idatha, idatha ihlukaniswe ngamayunithi amancane abizwa ngamaphakethe. Lawa maphakethe abese ethunyelwa ekushintsheni.
Funda Ikheli le-MAC: Yonke imishini kunethiwekhi inesikhombi esiyingqayizivele esibizwa nge-Mac (Media Access Control)). I-switch ifunda amakheli we-Mac awo wonke amadivaysi axhunyiwe futhi ayigcine etafuleni, ukuvumela ukukhomba lapho kufakwa khona idivaysi ngayinye.
Idatha eqondile endaweni efanelekile lapho uya khona: usebenzisa itafula lekheli le-MAC, i-switch switch inganquma indawo ngqo yephakethe ngalinye. Esikhundleni sedatha yokusakaza kuwo wonke amadivaysi, ithumela kuphela amaphakethe kudivayisi eqondiwe, egcina i-bandwidth futhi ikhulisa ijubane lenethiwekhi.
Phatha ithrafikhi kahle: kumanethiwekhi amakhulu anamadivayisi amaningi ashintshanisa inani elikhulu ledatha, ukushintshwa kungavimbela ukushayisana kwedatha kanye nokuxinana kwenethiwekhi. Ngokuqondisa ngokusobala ukuqondisa ithrafikhi, ukushintshana kuqinisekisa ukuthi idivaysi ngayinye ithola idatha ngaphandle kokulibala.
Kungani ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kubalulekile?
Kunoma iyiphi inhlangano noma isethaphu lapho amadivaysi amaningi adinga ukuxhumana khona, ukushintshwa kubalulekile ekuphathweni kwedatha okusebenzayo. Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezibalulekile zokuthi kungani ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kubalulekile:
Ukusebenza Kwenethiwekhi Okuthuthukisiwe: Ngokuqondisa idatha ngokunembile, iSwitch yokwazisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-bandwidth, kunciphisa umthwalo ongadingekile kunethiwekhi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza.
Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe: Ukushintshwa okulawulwa kuhlinzeka ngezici ezisiza ukulawula ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi, ukuthola izinsongo, kanye nethrafikhi yesengxenye ukwengeza ungqimba lokuphepha olwazini olubucayi.
Ukwehla: njengoba ibhizinisi lakho likhula, ukushintshwa kungangeza kalula amadivayisi amaningi kunethiwekhi ngaphandle kokuyekethisa isivinini noma ukusebenza.
Ukuthembela: Ukushintshwa kwenzelwe ukuphatha ukugeleza kwedatha okuqhubekayo futhi kuyasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungaphazamiseki kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yonke.
Uhlobo lokushintsha kwenethiwekhi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokushintsha kwenethiwekhi, ngalinye elakhelwe izidingo ezihlukile:
Ukushintshwa okungapheli: Lezi amadivayisi alula we-plug-and-play asetshenziswa ngokuvamile kumanethiwekhi asekhaya noma amabhizinisi amancane. Azidingi ukucushwa futhi ziphathe ngokuzenzakalelayo ithrafikhi phakathi kwamadivayisi axhunyiwe.
Ukushintshwa okuphethwe: Lokhu kushintshwa kunikeza ukulawula okuningi nokukhethwa ngokwezifiso, okwenza balungele amanethiwekhi amakhulu noma anzima. Abalawuli bangalungiselela izilungiselelo ukuthi babeke phambili izinhlobo ezithile zethrafikhi, ukufinyelela kokulawula, nokuqapha impilo yenethiwekhi.
I-POE (amandla ngaphezulu kwe-Ethernet) Ukushintshwa: Lokhu kushintshwa kungadlulisela amandla ngaphezulu kwezintambo ezifanayo ezisetshenziselwa idatha, kubenze balungele amadivayisi afana namakhamera we-IP kanye namaphoyinti okufinyelela angenantambo lapho kungakhawulelwe khona amaphoyinti wama-IP.
Ekuphetheni
Ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kungaphezu nje kwesixhumi sedivayisi yakho; Ingxenye ebalulekile egcina inethiwekhi yakho isebenza kahle, ngokuphephile, nangendlela efanele. Ngokuqondisa idatha kulabo abamukeli abahlosiwe kuphela, ukushintshwa okusiza ukugcina ukushesha, ukunciphisa ukugcwala, futhi kunikeze umgogodla othembekile wemvelo yesimanje yedijithali. Noma ngabe kwinethiwekhi yamabhizinisi amatasa noma ikhaya elihlakaniphile, ukushintshwa kwenethiwekhi kusenhliziyweni yokuxhumana okungenamthungo okusekela izimfuno zomhlaba wonke oxhunyiwe kwanamuhla.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezinkundla zokuxhumana buqhubeka buqhubekisela phambili, ukushintshwa kuyaba namandla amakhulu futhi kucebisi, ukuhlinzeka amabhizinisi namakhaya ngesikali esithe xaxa, ukuphepha, kanye nezinketho zokulawula. Njengoba amanethiwekhi aqhubeka nokukhula futhi aqhamuke, ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kwedatha okusebenzayo ngokushintshwa kuzokhula kuphela.
Isikhathi sePosi: Oct-29-2024
