Kunethiwekhi, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kokushintsha kweLayer 2 kanye ne-Layer 3 kubalulekile ekuklameni ingqalasizinda esebenza kahle. Zombili izinhlobo zokushintsha zinemisebenzi ebalulekile, kodwa zisetshenziswa ezimeni ezihlukene kuye ngezidingo zenethiwekhi. Ake sihlole umehluko wabo kanye nezicelo.
Kuyini ukushintshwa kweLayer 2?
Ukushintsha ungqimba 2 kusebenza kusendlalelo se-Data Link yemodeli ye-OSI. Igxile ekudluliseleni idatha ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo eyodwa (LAN) ngokusebenzisa amakheli e-MAC ukuze kuhlonzwe amadivayisi.
Izici ezibalulekile zokushintshwa kweLayer 2:
Sebenzisa ikheli le-MAC ukuze uthumele idatha kudivayisi elungile ngaphakathi kwe-LAN.
Wonke amadivayisi ngokuvamile avunyelwe ukuxhumana ngokukhululekile, okusebenza kahle kumanethiwekhi amancane kodwa angabangela ukuminyana ekusetheni okukhulu.
Ukusekelwa kwama-Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) ngokuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuphepha.
Ukushintsha kwesendlalelo sesi-2 kulungele amanethiwekhi amancane angadingi amakhono omzila athuthukile.
Kuyini ukushintshwa kweLayer 3?
Ukushintsha kwesendlalelo sesi-3 kuhlanganisa ukudluliselwa kwedatha kweswishi yesendlalelo sesi-2 namandla omzila wesendlalelo senethiwekhi yemodeli ye-OSI. Isebenzisa amakheli e-IP ukuhambisa idatha phakathi kwamanethiwekhi ahlukene noma ama-subnet.
Izici ezibalulekile zokushintshwa kweLayer 3:
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamanethiwekhi azimele kufinyelelwa ngokuhlaziya amakheli e-IP.
Thuthukisa ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinkulu ngokuhlukanisa inethiwekhi yakho ukuze unciphise ukudluliswa kwedatha okungadingekile.
Izindlela zedatha zingenziwa zithuthukiswe ngamandla kusetshenziswa izivumelwano zomzila ezifana ne-OSPF, i-RIP, noma i-EIGRP.
Ukushintsha kwesendlalelo sesi-3 kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zebhizinisi lapho ama-VLAN amaningi noma ama-subnet kufanele ahlanganyele.
Isendlalelo 2 vs. Isendlalelo sesi-3: Umehluko Obalulekile
Amaswishi esendlalelo sesi-2 asebenza kusendlalelo sesixhumanisi sedatha futhi asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukudlulisela idatha ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi eyodwa esekelwe ekhelini le-MAC. Alungele amanethiwekhi endawo amancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaswishi asendlalelo 3, asebenza kungqimba yenethiwekhi futhi asebenzise amakheli e-IP umzila wedatha phakathi kwamanethiwekhi ahlukene. Lokhu kubenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni zenethiwekhi ezinkulu, eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-subnet noma ama-VLAN.
Iyiphi Okufanele Uyikhethe?
Uma inethiwekhi yakho ilula futhi yenziwe yasendaweni, iswishi Yesendlalelo 2 ihlinzeka ngokusebenza okungabizi nokuqondile. Kumanethiwekhi amakhulu noma izindawo ezidinga ukusebenzisana kuwo wonke ama-VLAN, iswishi Yesendlalelo 3 iyinketho efaneleke kakhudlwana.
Ukukhetha iswishi elungile kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwedatha okungenazihibe futhi kulungiselela inethiwekhi yakho ukuze ikhule ngokuzayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphatha inethiwekhi yamabhizinisi amancane noma isistimu yebhizinisi elikhulu, ukuqonda uLayer 2 kanye noshintsho lwe-Layer 3 kungakusiza wenze isinqumo unolwazi.
Lungiselela ukukhula nokuxhumana: khetha ngobuhlakani!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-24-2024
