Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yocwaningo lokucwaninga nolwentuthuko kumishini ye-Intanethi, saxoxa ngobuchwepheshe kanye nezixazululo zokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yasendlini. Okokuqala, ihlombe isimo samanje sekhwalithi yenethiwekhi ye-Home Broadband Indlu, futhi ifingqa izici ezahlukahlukene ezinjenge-Fibre Optics, amasango, ama-routers, i-Wi-Fi, kanye nemisebenzi yomsebenzisi ebangela izinkinga zekhwalithi yenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yasendlini. Okwesibili, ubuchwepheshe obusha basendlini abaseduze kwenethiwekhi emakwe yi-Wi-Fi 6 ne-FTTR (i-fiber egumbini) izokwethulwa.
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwezinkinga zekhwalithi yenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yasendlini
Ngenqubo ye-FTTH (i-Fibre-to-Home), ngenxa yethonya le-Optical Sussion Libanga, Ukulahleka Kwedivaysi Okuphezulu nokuxhumeka, amandla we-Optimical fiber, amandla we-Optical fiber, amandla we-optical atholwa yisango angahle abe phansi futhi isilinganiso sephutha Yiba phezulu, okuholele ekukhuphukeni kwesilinganiso sokulahleka kwephakethe lokudluliselwa kwensiza ephezulu. , isilinganiso sehla.
Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwehadiwe kwamasango amadala ngokuvamile kuphansi, futhi izinkinga ezinjengokusetshenziswa kwe-CPU ephezulu nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kanye nokushibilika kwemishini kuthambekele ekwenzekeni, okuholela ekushayweni okungajwayelekile kanye nokuphahlazeka kwamasango. Amasango amadala ngokuvamile awasekeli isivinini senethiwekhi ye-gigabit, kanti amanye amasango amadala nawo anezinkinga ezinjengama-chips aphelelwe yisikhathi esikhona phakathi kwenani lesentshi eliphakathi kwenani lenethiwekhi nenani le-theory, elinye likhawulela amathuba okuthuthukisa Isipiliyoni somsebenzisi online. Njengamanje, amasango amadala asekhaya ahlakaniphile asetshenzisiwe iminyaka emi-3 noma ngaphezulu kunethiwekhi ebukhoma asasebenzisa ingxenye ethile futhi adinga ukushintshwa.
I-WEBHLEMANDLA YOKUVELA I-ISM (I-Industrial-Science-Medical-Medical) Frequency Band. Isetshenziswa njengebhendi ejwayelekile yemvamisa yeziteshi zomsakazo ezifana nenethiwekhi yendawo engenantambo, uhlelo olungenantambo, uhlelo lwe-Bluetooth, iphuzu-to-point noma ama-point-to-multiPints Spread Spectrum zokuxhumana, ngezinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa kanye ne-bandwidth embalwa. Njengamanje, kusenengxenye ethile yamasango exhasa ibhendi ye-2.4GHz Wi-Fi imvamisa kunethiwekhi ekhona, futhi inkinga yokuphazamiseka kokuhlangana / okusondelene kakhulu kuvelele.
Ngenxa yezimbungulu zesoftware nokusebenza kwe-Hardware okunganele kwamanye amasango, ukuxhumana kwe-PPPoe kuvame ukwehla futhi amasango avame ukuhanjiswa kabusha, okuholela ekuphazamisweni okuvame ukwenziwa kwabasebenzisi be-Intanethi. Ngemuva kokuthi uxhumano lwe-PPPOE luphazanyiswa kalula (ngokwesibonelo, isixhumanisi sokuhambisa i-Uplink siyaphazamiseka), umkhiqizi ngamunye wesango awunawo amazinga okusetshenziswa kokutholwa kwe-Wan Port futhi enze kabusha ukudayela kwe-PPPoe. Amanye amabanga abakhiqizi athola kanye njalo ngemizuzwana engama-20, futhi aphindisele emuva kuphela ngemuva kokutholwa okungu-30 okuhlulekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 yesango lokuqalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo i-PPPoe Replay ngemuva kokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, okuthinta kakhulu isipiliyoni somsebenzisi.
Amasango asekhaya abengeziwe alungiselelwe ngama-routers (lapha abizwa ngokuthi "ama-routers"). Phakathi kwalawa ma-routers, amachweba ambalwa kuphela axhaswa ama-100m we-wan, noma (futhi) kuphela ukwesekwa kwe-Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b / G / N).
Abanye abakhiqizi abakhiqizi basenabanye kuphela amachweba e-wan noma ama-portures we-Wi-Fi esekela i-Gigabit Network Speeds, futhi abe "Pseudo-Gigabit" Amagquma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-router ixhumeke esangweni ngentambo yenethiwekhi, nentambo yenethiwekhi esetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi ngokuyisisekelo ikhebula lesigaba 5 noma super 5, elinekhono elifushane lokulwa nokulwa kuphela Sekela ijubane le-100m. Ayikho i-routers ebalulwe ngenhla nezintambo zenethiwekhi ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwamanethiwekhi alandelayo we-gigabit kanye ne-super-gigabit. Amanye ama-routers aqala kabusha kaningi ngenxa yezinkinga zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, okuthinta kakhulu isipiliyoni somsebenzisi.
I-Wi-Fi iyindlela eyinhloko yangaphakathi engenantambo, kepha amasango amaningi asekhaya abekwe emabhokisini akhona akhona emnyango womsebenzisi. Ikhawulelwe indawo yebhokisi lamanje elibuthakathaka, okuqukethwe kwesembozo, kanye nohlobo lwendlu eyinkimbinkimbi, isibonakaliso se-Wi-Fi akwanele ukumboza zonke izindawo zasendlini. Ukude kwedivaysi ye-terminal kuvela endaweni yokungena kwe-Wi-Fi, izithiyo eziningi kakhulu, futhi kulahlekelwe amandla esibonakaliso, okungahle kuholele ekuxhumekeni okungazinzile kanye nokulahleka kwepakethe yedatha.
Endabeni yokuxhumana kwe-Indoor yamadivayisi amaningi we-Wi-Fi, imvamisa efanayo nezinkinga zokuphazamiseka eziseduze naso zivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yezilungiselelo ezingenangqondo zesiteshi, kunciphisa futhi isilinganiso se-Wi-Fi.
Lapho abanye abasebenzisi bexhuma i-router kwisango, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle, bangaxhuma i-router kwi-non-gigabit ethrekhi yenethiwekhi ye-non-gigabit yenethiwekhi yesango, noma bangakwazi ukuxhuma ikhebula lenethiwekhi ngokuqinile, okuholela emachwebeni enethiwekhi okuxekethile. Kulezi zimo, noma ngabe umsebenzisi ebhalisela insizakalo ye-gigabit noma esebenzisa i-gigabit, ngeke athole izinsizakalo ezinzile ze-gigabit, futhi eziletha nezinselelo zabasebenzi ukubhekana namaphutha.
Abanye abasebenzisi banamadivayisi amaningi kakhulu axhumeke kuma-Wi-Fi emakhaya abo (ngaphezu kwama-20) noma izinhlelo eziningi zokulanda amafayela ngesivinini esiphezulu ngasikhathi sinye, okuzokwenza ukuxhumana okubucayi kwe-Wi-Fi.
Abanye abasebenzisi basebenzisa ama-terminals amadala axhasa kuphela i-light-frequency Wi-Fi 2.4GHz Frequency band noma ama-protocol adala we-Wi-Fi, ngakho-ke awakwazi ukuthola isipiliyoni esizinzile nesisheshayo se-Intanethi.
2. Ubuchwepheshe obusha ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yenethiwekhi yangaphakathi
I-High-bandwidth, izinsizakalo eziphansi ze-latency efana ne-4k / 8k ephezulu yevidiyo, i-AR / VR, imfundo eku-inthanethi, kanye nehhovisi lasekhaya ziba yizidingo zabasebenzisi basekhaya kancane kancane. Lokhu kufaka phambili izidingo eziphakeme phambili kwikhwalithi yenethiwekhi ye-Broadband yasekhaya, ikakhulukazi ikhwalithi yenethiwekhi ye-Broadband Indlu ye-Indoor. Inethiwekhi ekhona yasendlini ebanzi ye-Broadband Indoor esekelwe ku-FTTH (fiber endlini, i-fiber to the home) ubuchwepheshe bekunzima ukubhekana nalezi zidingo ezingenhla. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi 6 no-FTTR bungakuhlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zensizakalo engenhla futhi kufanele bathunyelwe ngezinga elikhulu ngokushesha okukhulu.
Wi-fi 6
Ngo-2019, i-Wi-Fi Alliance yaqamba ama-802.11ax technology Wi-Fi 6, futhi yaqamba igama elithi le-802.11Ne nezobuchwepheshe be-802.11n nezobuchwepheshe be-8 fi 5 ne-Wi-Fi 4 ngokulandelana.
I-Wi-Fi 6 Yethula i-Oddma (i-Orthogonal Frequency Division Ukufinyelela Multiple, i-Mu-Mimo (Multi-Umsebenzisi Multiple-Outputture, 1024QAM technology Multiple-technolog), 1024QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Ukushintshwa kwe-modanyuture, ukuguquguquka kwe-quadrature amplitutution) nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha, isilinganiso sokulanda esiphakeme kakhulu singafinyelela ku-9.6gbit / s. Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu be-Wi-Fi 4 ne-Wi-Fi 5 embonini, inezinga eliphakeme lokudlulisa, amandla amakhulu ahlanzayo, ukubambezeleka kwensiza okuphansi, ukumboza okubanzi kanye namandla amancane esibulalayo. ukusetshenziswa.
Ubuchwepheshe be-FTTR
I-FTTR ibhekisa ukuthunyelwa kwawo wonke amasango we-Optical namadivayisi amancane emakhaya ngesisekelo se-FTTH, kanye nokugcwaliseka kwe-Optical fiber Communication Ukuxhumana kumagumbi abasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-PON ngobuchwepheshe.
I-FTTR Main Gateway isisekelo senethiwekhi ye-FTTR. Ixhumeke phezulu ku-OLT ukuhlinzeka nge-fiber-to-ekhaya, futhi ezansi ukuhlinzeka ngamachweba abonakalayo ukuxhuma amachweba amaningi we-FTTR yezigqila. Isango le-FTTR lesigqila lixhumana nemishini ye-terminal nge-Wi-Fi kanye ne-Ethernet Perforasents, inikeza umsebenzi wokubhuka ukuze udlulisele idatha yemishini yokugcina esangweni eliyisemqoka, futhi wamukele ukuphathwa kanye nokulawulwa kwesango elikhulu le-FTR. Inethiwekhi ye-FTTR ikhonjiswa kwisibalo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko ezinjengenethiwekhi yekhebula yenethiwekhi, i-Power Line Networking, kanye nenethiwekhi engenantambo, amanethiwekhi we-FTTR anezinzuzo ezilandelayo.
Okokuqala, imishini yokuxhumana yenethiwekhi inokusebenza okungcono kanye nomkhawulokudonsa ophakeme. Ukuxhumeka kwe-fiber optical phakathi kwesango eliphakeme kanye nesango lesigqila kunganweba i-gigabit landwidth kuwo wonke amagumbi omsebenzisi, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yenethiwekhi yasekhaya yomsebenzisi kuzo zonke izici. Inethiwekhi ye-FTTR inezinzuzo eziningi ekudluliseni umkhawulokudonsa nokuqina.
Okwesibili kungcono ukumbozwa kwe-Wi-Fi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. I-Wi-Fi 6 ukucushwa okujwayelekile kwamasango we-FTTR, futhi zombili i-Master Gateway kanye nesango lesigqila kunganikeza ukuxhumana kwe-Wi-Fi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezokuxhumana kwe-Wi-Fi kanye namandla okumboza wesiginali.
Izinga lenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yasekhaya lithintwa yizici ezifana nesekhazelo senethiwekhi yasekhaya, imishini yomsebenzisi, kanye nama-terminals asetshenziswayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola nokuthola ikhwalithi empofu yenethiwekhi yasekhaya kuyinkinga enzima kwinethiwekhi ebukhoma. Inkampani ngayinye yezokuxhumana noma umhlinzeki wesevisi yenethiwekhi ubeka isisombululo sawo ngokulandelana. Isibonelo, izixazululo zobuchwepheshe zokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-Intranet yenethiwekhi yasekhaya kanye nokuthola ikhwalithi engeyinhle; Qhubeka nokuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwe-Big Data kanye nobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bokufakelwa emkhakheni wokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yenethiwekhi ye-Broadband Bandoor Indlu; Khuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-FTTR ne-Wi-Fi 6 Technology Technology Quality Quality Base nokuningi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Meyi-26-2023
